Journal of Sport Policy and Politics †Free Samples to Students

Question: Discuss about the Journal of Sport Policy and Politics. Answer: Introduction: This essay will deal with the moral panic that is caused due to the addiction towards porn mainly towards the children. It can be seen that the development of the brain mostly in the children have an impact due to the viewing of the pornographic sites. It can be seen that the countries like United States and United Kingdom suffer mostly from this factor and is rapidly on the increasing side as well due to the easy availability of the technology in the hands of the young teenagers. According to Krinsky (2016), the theory of moral panic is the panic that is caused by the media, which can be a potential threat to the morals and values in the society. The term was first coined by Stanley Cohen in the year 1972 where he described that it is a condition where the individual or an individual group may feel threatened towards the interests and values that are being showed in the society. According to Critcher (2014), the media plays an important role in reporting the news that is related to moral panic, which causes a stir in the society management. The stages that Cohen identified in moral panic are that the threat can be recognized easily by the media, which may pose a problem in the values and interests of the people living in the society. It helps in building up of concerns among the public in a rapid manner, which results in bringing changes within the society. Wilson (2014) is of the view that the addiction in viewing sexual images or videos is specifically used to describe porn addiction. The problems that are related to sexual along with internet behaviors on a broader basis are known as sexual compulsivity. The individuals can be further studied based on the hypersexual disorder that they may have due to porn addiction. According to Prause et al. (2015), the researchers were of the opinion of rejecting the models that are related to addiction, as it takes in to account the sexual behaviors of the individuals as well. The revision of the Diagnostic and Statistical Model (DSM) similarly does not include the addiction that the individuals have towards sex. According to Edwards (2016), the moral panic has caused quite some movement over the issues that are prevailing with the porn that is present on the internet in the United States of America. The concept of cyber porn, which as claimed by the media contained lot of objectionable images and photographs along with videos when the computer was being used for gathering academic resources and materials as well. Most of the images that were shown on the machines mostly contained pornographic images on the Times articles, which were also viewed by children. Quayle (2015) was of the vision that it is seen by the end of 1995, there was only a 1 percent of people in the media who reported against sex, whereas in the recent times it is being seen that the percentage has got very high. The magazines were being scanned freely and were being uploaded in the internet as part of the pornographic images. This showed that the medium for communication along with the message that was being shown in a dif ferent manner was under an attack due to the effect that the internet was creating with the images. Klein (2015) opined that the internet became popular in United Kingdom as well where it was shown that around 11 percent of the people had access to the internet connection within the year 1996 and it increased to 26 percent in 1999. According to Wilson (2014), the survey that was conducted in 1999 had shown that 81 percent of the parents felt unsecured for their children, as they were prone to viewing explicit materials over the internet. They were of the view that the usage of internet needs to be regulated, which will help by not creating an impact on the minds of the children. According to Bowman (2015), it is seen that according to a study that was conducted by NSPCC, it was found that most of the children between the age group of 12-13 were of the fear that they were addicted towards pornography. It was seen that it was considered as a dangerous thing by the group the young people were not interested in sports, media or culture. The research also found that the availability of porn was increasing in the current years, which has led to the reduction in violence that is related sexually. According to Smith and Attwood (2013), the researcher had conducted face to face interviews with the children as well so that their ideas can be recorded in a better way and ensured that it helped in ensuring privacy of the minds of the children. This has resulted in many calls being made to the company by the teenagers who were anxious about porn and the x-rated images that were available on the internet. The authors Sullivan and McKee (2015) stated that the researchers have also found that the children who were addicted to the pornographic sites on the internet have faced significant changes during their developmental phases in the brain. The adult males also have an impact on their minds, as they become fascinated and start craving for the fantasies that are shown in these pornographic sites. They find it difficult in leading the relationships in a happy manner and face issues that are romantically linked due to their increasing curiousness about the things happening over the internet management. It leads the people in acquiring new tastes that are linked sexually. According to Finnerty (2017), the reward centre that is present in the brain help in identifying the changes that are taking place in the brain, which connects the neurons that help in achieving the goals that are set by the mind. The fluid that is secreted by the brain is known as dopamine, which provides a thrill to the people so that the goals can be accomplished. This secretion leads to excitement among the individuals with respect to sexual desires, which changes the tastes and preferences of the individuals. According to Carrabine (2017), the individuals will try to see the opposite sex in a different manner, which will create an excitement among them. They will try to view them according to the fantasies that are being shown in the pornographic images, which may lead to the outburst of the sexual emotions. This may lead in trying out to force the opposite sex in getting physical, which may increase the consequences of fulfilling the fantasies. This may lead to severe consequences with respect to opposite sex, as it may lead to the sexual abuse of the particular individual. The effect of dopamine would be that the individual would be ready to have sex without a period of courtship, which is also visible in the porn scenes as well. According to Iwen (2015), the behavior of the individuals get changed, as they tend to be aggressive and sadomasochist in their behavior. The excitement that they develop with respect to sex is never satisfied, as they remain mostly excited for the entire period. The individuals are more likely to have a predisposed vision based on their psychology that insulting the men or the women would result in gaining ultimate pleasures. Freud was also of the vision that most of the individuals that are addicted towards pornographic sites especially the men show misogynic characteristics where they often tend to insult the women by exploiting their sexual parts, which helps them in deriving immense pleasures. The author Bowman (2015) stated that the opposite of it also happen, which is known as femdom where the women try to exploit the men in a sexual manner. Most of the pornographic sites are of the vision that it helps in exploring the Oedipus complex side of the individual. These features help in indicating the distinguishing feature on the adult sites, which helps the individuals in gaining power over the forms of aggression and sexuality. The viewing of porn triggers a sense of neo-sexuality between the fantasies that are being shown over the internet with respect to the viewers. Finnerty (2017) stated that the brains of the teenagers are more plastic in nature and can be molded easily, as they have access to the pornographic sites that are available online on a regular basis, which helps in altering the tastes that they have developed sexually. The romanticism and the tastes that are developed sexually have dissociated over a period, which has resulted in the viewing of the pornographic sites. The viewing of pornography over the internet has led to the teens in exploring and relieving their tensions that they face sexually without being involved in a sexual relationship. Prause et al. (2015) stated that the art of moral panic over the pornographic addiction can be found mostly in the US where according to a study, it is seen that the actors in the pornography industry live along side normal citizens in the society. This creates a lot of tension between the people who are living in the society and the particular individual that is living with them. The people tend to see the person, as a nuisance in the society and try to avoid that person. This results in alienation and the increase in the distance between the ordinary citizens and that particular individual. The children who are addicted to these sites on the internet are of the view that the person can fulfill his or her desires and fantasies and gives immense respect to that person. Edwards (2016) was of the view that the increase use of these sites by the children and the adults helps in developing a feeling among them that they can do whatever they want with the opposite sex. The viewing of pornography thus, leads to negative impacts on the minds of the individuals, which may hamper their relationship with their parents and with the opposite sexes. They start to think the opposite sexes as commodities and objects and are willing to try whatever they want with them. This often leads to abuses related to sexuality and domestically as well. References Bowman, N.D., 2015. The rise (and refinement) of moral panic.The Video Game Debate: Unravelling the Physical, Social, and Psychological Effects of Video Games, p.22. Carrabine, E., 2017. Crime and media.Alternative Criminologies. Critcher, C., 2014. New perspectives on anti-doping policy: From moral panic to moral regulation.International Journal of Sport Policy and Politics,6(2), pp.153-169. Edwards, M., 2016.Moral panic and porn in South Africa: a critical discourse analysis of top TV's application to broadcast adult-content channels(Doctoral dissertation). Finnerty, P., 2017. His porn, her pain: confronting Americas porn panic with honest talk about sex. Iwen, M.E., 2015. Shame, sexual addiction, and consumption in American culture.Sexuality Culture,19(3), pp.413-425. Klein, M., 2015. Pornography, the narrative of public health.The International Encyclopedia of Human Sexuality. Krinsky, C. ed., 2016.The Ashgate research companion to moral panics. Routledge. Prause, N., Steele, V.R., Staley, C., Sabatinelli, D. and Hajcak, G., 2015. Modulation of late positive potentials by sexual images in problem users and controls inconsistent with porn addiction.Biological psychology,109, pp.192-199. Quayle, E., 2015. Internet risk research and child sexual abuse: a misdirected moral panic?.Childhood and Youth, p.41. Smith, C. and Attwood, F., 2013. Emotional truths and thrilling slide shows: The resurgence of antiporn Feminism.The Feminist Porn Book, pp.41-57. Sullivan, R. and McKee, A., 2015.Pornography: Structures, agency and performance. John Wiley Sons. Wilson, G., 2014.Your brain on porn: Internet pornography and the emerging science of addiction. Richmond, VA: Commonwealth Publishing.